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Study of High-Impact OT Incidents in the Railway Sector

CCI-3 Situation studies, CCI-6 Tools, Publications

This document analyzes OT cybersecurity risks in the railway sector, considered an essential infrastructure. Through expert assessment, it models two key attacks: traffic management intrusion and “trackside” system manipulation. The report details the phases of these incidents, from initial access to systemic impact on operations. Finally, it proposes strategic solutions under the IEC 62443 standard to strengthen the operational and digital resilience of the railway ecosystem.

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15/04/2026

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CCI-7 Notebooks and specialized series, Publications

The Hammurabi Project at Grupo Central Lechera Asturiana

05/05/2026

This document analyzes the success story of Project Hammurabi at Grupo Central Lechera Asturiana, using the NIS2 Directive as a driver to transform its industrial cybersecurity into a model of strategic maturity and governance. Through a structure that emulates the historical legal code, the author José Luis Vega Pardo details the transition from a system of scattered controls to a robust Master Plan that integrates IT and OT environments. […]

CCI-7 Notebooks and specialized series, Publications

The role of digital twins in the evolution of cybersecurity: benefits, challenges, and experiences

22/04/2026

This document analyzes the role of digital twins as a strategic tool to strengthen cybersecurity in industrial environments. Through a technical analysis and a manufacturing use case, the text examines their benefits, implementation challenges, and capabilities for threat simulation. It provides key recommendations for integrating these virtual replicas as essential assets for the operational resilience […]

CCI-1 Strategies and regulations, CCI-3 Situation studies, CCI-8 Compliance, Publications

Industrial CRA Position Paper (Multisectoral)

24/11/2025

The new Industrial CRA Position Paper from the Industrial Cybersecurity Center highlights a critical need: adapting the European Cyber Resilience Regulation to the reality of OT environments. Critical infrastructures, legacy systems, decades-long life cycles, and the absolute priority of availability make it impossible to apply the CRA as currently designed. The document proposes a multisectoral […]

CCI-5 Guides and good practices, Publications

Pocket Guide – Questions to Ask Your Industrial Technology and Service Providers About Their Cybersecurity Capabilities

22/10/2025

This document, titled “Pocket Guide: Questions to Ask Your Industrial Technology and Service Providers About Their Cybersecurity Capabilities,” developed by the Industrial Cybersecurity Center (CCI), provides a structured set of questions designed to help organizations assess the level of maturity and commitment to cybersecurity among their industrial suppliers.

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